Bible thu chiar tur : Tirhkohte21:37 – 40; Tirhkohte22:1 -3.
Thuvawn : Tisaa kan awm lai khan Dan avanga duhzawng sual lo chhuakte chuan kan taksa pengahte, thihna khawpa rah turin a thawk thin (Rom7:5).
1. THUHMAHRUAI:
He zirlaiah hian Paula hun hma lam chanchin kan zir dawn a, zirlaiah hian; a pian kum, a hming, a pian hmang, zirna lama a dinhmun, nupui a neih leh neih loh chanchinte kan tarlang dawn a ni.
2. PAULA PIAN KUM:
Paula hi Kilikia rama Tarsa khuaa piang a ni a (Tirh 22:3). A pian kum hi bible hrilhfiahtu tamtak chuan A.D. 6 leh A.D.10 inkar a nih an ring. A pian hun ti awihawm turin ‘bible pawn lama thil thleng’ (external event/evidence) an tih, thil hlui chanchin ziahna a awm nual a. Chung zinga pakhat chu lo tarlang i la;
Isua hun laia ramawptu (governor) Pilata kha A.D 36 ah Marcellusa’n a thlak a. Ramawptu inthlak hun lai vel hi Stephana martar lai leh kohhran hmasain tihduhdahna a tawrh lai a ni. Stephana lunga an den hlum lai hian Paula hi Saula tiin tarlan a ni a (Tirh 7:60; 8:3). Tin, Tirhkohte Thiltih buah hian Paula chanchin sawi nan ‘tlangval’ (Tirh 7:57), Grik tawngin ‘neanias’(nia-nis) hman a ni. ‘Neanias’ chu thalai kum 25 atanga kum 40 inkar sawi nan hman a ni a. Chuvang chuan, AD 36 kum hian Paula hi kum 25 atanga kum 40 inkar a ni tih a chiang ta a. A hming lo lan hmasak hun leh hmun te ngaihtuahin O.M Rao chuan, “Stephena martar lai hian Paula hi kum 30 bawr vel a ni ang” tiin kum bithliah neiin a sawi a. Hei hi vantlang pawm thiam zawng tak pawh a ni a, chuvang chuan Paula pian kum atana A.D. 6 -10 inkar pawm mai hi a hahdam thlakin a rinawm.
3. A HMING:
Paula’n a pianthar thu a sawina tih loh (Tirh22:7; 26:14), Tirh13:9 hma lam zawngah hian a chanchin sawinaah a hming hi ‘Saula’ tiin tarlan a ni (Tirh7:58; 9:1; 9:4,17). Saula chu Hebrai tawng ‘Sa’ul’ atanga lak a ni. A awmzia chu –‘dil/dil sak’ tihna a ni a. A lehkhathawn sawm pathum (13)-ahte hian ‘Paula’ tiin kan hmu a. Paula tih chu Paulus (Latin) leh Paulos (Grik) atanga lak niin, a awmzia chu ‘te/tlawm’ tihna a ni.
A hming hi Rom mi leh sa chhungkuaa hming hriat hlawh tak a ni a. ‘A pianthar avang emaw, a nun a lo danglam tak vanga ‘Saula’ ni thin kha, ‘Paula’ lo ni ta’-a sawi an awm a. Mi thenkhat chuan ‘Hebrai mi a nihna (Saula) leh, Rom mi a nihna (Paula) anga hming pahnih (2) a neih sa ve reng’-ah an ngai thung.
Heng hming pahnih (2) zinga a pakhat (1) zawk ‘Paula’ hman lar emaw, a put lar tak zawk chhan hi hriat a ni lo va. ‘Paula’ tia a lo lar tak zawk chhan awm thei hrang hrang te chu;
i) Rawng bawla a pen chhuahin, Pathian-in Jentail mite tana tirhkohva a ruat thu leh amah pawhin Jentail mite tihkoh a nih thu a tarlan kan hmu a (Rom11:13; Eph3:8, etc). Rawng a bawlna tur hnama a inbarhluh theihna remchang tak a nih avangin Paula tia koh leh hriat hi a duh zawk a ni thei.
ii) Jentail mi ten amah koh nan ‘Paula’ tih hi an hmang duh zawkin, an hmang rim zawk a ni thei.
iii) Rom sawrhkar rorelna hnuaia awmte tan Rom mi nihna hi a hlu hle a. Chu chu a rawngbawl zelna atan a tangkai dawn a, chuvangin ‘Paula’ tia miin an hriat hi a duh zawk a ni thei.
iv) Damaska kawnga a thil tawnin, a nunah danglamna nasa tak a thlen hnuin thlarau lama a lo danglamna chuan tisa thilah pawh nghawng nei se tiin ‘Saula’ aiin ‘Paula’ tia hriat a thlang zawk pawh a ni thei bawk.
Paula hun lai hian hming pakhat ai tam neih hi mi tamtak nih dan ve reng a ni a. A damchhung hun tam zawk kha a chipuite zingah emaw, Grik nun tawmpuitu Juda ho (hellenizer) zingah hmang ni se, ‘Saula’ tiin kan hre lar zawk maithei. Mahse, Jentail mite zinga tirhkoh a nih avang leh, Rom awp ram chhunga a chipuite vek ni lo zinga Pathian rawngbawltu a nih avangin ‘Saula’ aia ‘Paula’ a lar zawk hi a inhmehin, thil nih phung ve reng angah pawh a ngaih theih a ni.
4. A PIAN HMANG:
2Kor10:10-ah, “A lehkha thawnte chu a ritin a khauhva, a taksa lam erawh chu a awm nem a, a tawng pawh a sitawm a ni” tia miin a chanchin an sawi dan, Paula sawi chhawn kan hmu a. Hei lo hi a pian hmang awm ang tur bible-ah tarlanna a awm lo.
Kum zabi pahnihna laia ziah ‘Paula Thihtihte’ (Acts of Paul) chuan, “Khan hniam, chal kolh, ke kual lam, taksa inphut, mithmul bit, hnar kul, nelawm hmelpu tak” angin a tarlang a. Hei bak hi thu lakna hnar tha a awm loh vang nge, Paula pian hmang chanchin ziaktu tam tak chuan thu lakna hnar berah an hmang nghe nghe a ni.
5. ZIRNA LAMA A DINHMUN:
Paula zirna hi chhungkua atanga intan a tih theih. Nu leh Pa ten fate zirnaah hian mawh phur ve ve mahse, Juda-ho zingah chuan - mipa fa zirnaa mawhphurtu chu ‘Pa’ a ni.
Pharisai a nih thu leh Pharisai fapa a nih thu (Tirh23:6) te, Pathian tana mi thahnemngai tak (Tirh 22:3) a nih thu bakah, thlahtute thurochhiah chunga thahnem ngai nasa bik (Gal1:14) a nih thu te, Judate sakhaw biak dan kawnga a rualpui tam tak lehpelh (Gal1:14) a nih thu te, rim taka thawk chunga ei thin (2Thes3:8) a nih thu leh, puanin siam thiam (Tirh18:3) a nih thute kan hmu a. Heng hi chhungkua atanga a zir, a bikin Nu leh Pa te hnen atanga a chhawm ngei a nih a rinawm.
Juda ho lehkhabu Talmud (tal-mut)-ah chuan, “Naupang kum ruk (6) hnuai lam chu zirlai a tan la suh la, hriatna zir turin bawngpa angin nawr lui suh” tih a awm a. Chuvang chuan inchhungkhur pawn lam zirna hi Paula hian kum ruk (6) a nihin a tan chauhvin a rinawm. Rimawi leh a kaihhnawih zir tura mipa naupang biak ina (synagogue) tirh hi Juda ho thil chin than a ni a. Rimawi bakah, Pathian thu chhiar leh mipui hmaa sawite an zir a; Synagogue hazan (si-na-gok ha-zan) ‘biakin hla hruaitu’ an tih chuan a zirtir thin.
Kum sawm (10) an nihin zangkhai takin Dan (law) an zir tan a. Thianghlimna dan leh naupang than lenna atana puitu thil dang pawh an zir a. Heng bakah hian chhungkaw khawsa theite chuan, an fate chu kum sawm pathum (13) leh a chung lam an nihin, Jerusalem-ah lehkha zir turin an tir bawk thin.
Tirh22:3-ah ‘Gamaliela ke bula zira sei lian’ a nih thu kan hmu a. Paula pawh hi a naupan lai, mipa naupang fel tak a nih tawh hnuin, zirna chhunzawm turin Jerusam-ah a awm niin a lang (Tirh26:4). Gamaliela chu a hun laia zirtirtu ropui bera ngaih a ni a. Zirtirtu (Rabbi) aia sang leh dinhmun ropui, an zahawm leh phu avanga zirtirtu nihna sang zawk (Rabban) an pek hial a ni. Gamaliela hnen atang hian Juda dan khermei tak zirin, “Dan thua felna lamah chuan sawiselbo ka ni”(Phil 3:6b) ti thei khawpa zir a ni.
Tunlai ang diak diakin pawl indawt dan (grade) ang hi hmanlai chuan a awm lova. Zirtirtu an neih ropui leh hmingthan dan azir te, an thil hriat chak leh hriat tam dan azir te, an rualpuite laka an chungchuan dan azir te, vantlang zinga an hmingthan dan leh dinhmun pawimawh an luah dan azirin eng ang mi nge an nih tih hi miin an teh dan a ni. He tiang ang thatna (quality) zawng zawng hi Paula hian a nei a; chuvang chuan Pa ropui leh thiamna sang tak nei tia hriat hi a sual lo a ni.
Tawng chi hrang hrang hria leh hmang thiam a ni a. Juda/Hebrai mi chhungkua atanga piang a nih vangin Hebrai tawng a thiam a (Tirh21:40). Aramaic tawng hi Hebrai tawng nen a inzul avangin a nal hle tura rin a ni. Tin, Juda hnam ni si, tawng tualleng atana Grik tawng hmang (hellenist) zinga piang leh a hun tam tak hmang a nih avagin Grik tawng pawh a thiam a (Tirh 21:37). Kilikia hi Rom sawrkar awp ram a nih avangin, Latin tawng pawh a thiam ngeiin Robert Raymond, ‘Paul, Missionary Theologian’ tih ziaktu leh mi thenkhat chuan an ring.
Tirh22:3ff ah hian Paula’n, ‘Kilikia ram Tarsaa piang a nih thu’ a sawi a. Tarsa khua hi khawpui ropui tak, hnam hrang hrang leh tawng hrang tam tak hmanna, Grik ho finna leh zirtirnaa mi thiam awm khawmna, zirna kawnga Athens leh Alexandria khawpui el pha khawpa hmingthang, sumdawnna khawpui, adt a ni. Chutiang hmuna piang leh a hun tam tak hmang a nih avangin ‘mi danglam tak’ ni tura a mamawhte dawng leh paltlang tawh a ni ang tih a rin theih.
Heng bakah hian Bible-a kan hmuh angin, Judate sakhaw thila a rualpui tam takte lehpeltu a ni a (Gal1:14). Roreltute (sanhedrin) leh an rorelna (council) aiawh ang maia Stephana thi tur ‘remtitu’ a ni (Tirh 7:60). Tin, zirtirho phuar chunga Jerusalem-a a hruai theih nan puithiam lal ber lehkha dil chhuak thei a ni a (Tirh 9:2). “Mi dang rengin tisa chunga rinna nghahchhan neia an inruat chuan, kei ka inruat lehzual a ni” (Phil 3:4) ti hial khawpa mi dang aia chhuan tur neia inhria a ni.
6. NUPUI A NEIH LEH NEIH LOH THU:
‘Paula hian nupui a nei em?’ tih hi mi tam tak zawhna a ni. A kutchhuakahte hian a nupui chanchin tarlanna a awm loh avang leh, hmun thenkhatah nupui nei lo anga ngaih theih tura thuziak a awm avangin, ‘nupui a nei lo’ tih hi mi tam zawk pawm dan a ni.
1Kor7:8-ah chuan, “Lengtulte leh hmeithaite hnenah chuan heti hian ka ti a ni; keimah ang tak hian awm sela an tan a tha ang” a ti a. ‘Amah ang taka’ awm tura a duhna hi a tawngbul lama a awmzia chu ‘nupui nei lo’ a ni.
7. KHAIKHAWMNA:
A hnuai ami ang hian a chanchin khaikhawmna lo tarlang i la;
a) Paula hi A.D. 6 – 10 inkar vela piang, a chanchin lo lan tan laia kum 30 bawr vel (30 tling lo deuh emaw, 40 hnuai 30 chung lam) nia ngaih a ni.
b) A pianthar vang emaw, a nun danglam tak vang a ‘Saula’ ni thin kha ‘Paua’ tia hming thar nei ta a ni nge ni lo a chiang lo. Hebrai mi a nihna (Saula) leh Rom mi a nihna (Paula) anga hming pahnih a neih saa ngaih erawh a ni.
c) ‘Paula Thihtihte’ (Acts of Paul) buin a pianhmang a tarlan dan hi rintlakah kan ngai dawn a nih chuan, Paula chu; ‘Khan hniam, chal kolh, ke kual, taksa inphut, mithmul bit, hnar kul, nelawm hmelpu tak’ a ni. ‘Mi zawiawi leh nelawm hmelpu tak’ pawh a ni.
d) Paula zirna chu chhungkua atanga intan a ni a. Pa ropui tak rabban Gamaliela ke bula zir leh seilian a ni. Mi tamtak lehpel khawpa theihna nei a ni. Inchhuang tur ni se, tisa thila chhuan tlak nei a ni. Zirna leh hriatna kawnga hmasawn turin a seilenna leh a chenna khawvelin a zir hle a. Tawng thiam lamah pawh thiamna sang tak nei ten an thiam thin - Hebrai, Aramic leh Grik tawng thiam, Latin pawh thiam tura ngaih a ni.
e) A tir atanga nupui nei lo a nih leh nih loh chiang takin a hriat theih lova. Rawng a bawl hnuah erawh ‘nupui nei lo’ anga ngaih theihin a awm.
SAWIHO TUR:
‘Zir thiamna leh zir sanna’ hi Pathian rawngbawl turin eng chena pawimawh nge? Sawiho ni se.
ZIRLAI PUITU:
Marcellus-a hun thlenga ramawptu (governor) indawt dan chu: Coponius (6-9AD), Marcus Ambivulus (9-12AD), Annius Rufus (12-15AD), Valerius Gratus (15-26AD), Pontius Pilate (26-36AD), Marcellus (36-37AD) a ni a. Marceleus-a hnua ramawptu chu Marullus-a a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan Marcellus-a hi roreltu (governor) tak ni lo, Marullus-a hnuai a officer pakhat, official-a a thiltih record chhui zui tur pawh a awm lo, Roman prefect (rome sawrkar hnuaia ram roreltu) tak tak nihna pawh nei lo niin an sawi. History-a a hming a lo lan hun (36AD) erawh thu belhchiandawl tak a ni.
Hming pahnih nei: J.B.Frey chuan “Lei hnuai thlan, Rom khuaa an hmuhchhuahah chuan, Juda hming inziak tam tak zinga a zahve zet chuan Hebrai hming bakah Latin hming an nei a, hmun ngaa thena hmun hnih zet chuan Grik hming an nei” a ti. Hming pahnih put/neih hi Paula hun lai hian an ching viau niin a lang.
(Paulan hming pahnih a neih chungchangah, ZIRLAI PUITU atana ka ziah tawh, a hnua ka paih leh hi a chik zui peihte tan kan dah leh hrim hrim ang e. He tiangin….
A pian thar veleh, ‘Saula ni thin chu Paula ni ta’ anga zirtirna awm thin hi, a dik ang nge dik lovang tih chungchangah vawiin (21.04.2020), Easter Sunday thupuiziak tura ka inbuatsaih laiin, ka rilruah a lo awm a. A chhan kawng hrang hrangte;
i) A pianthar lai, hlim leh a hnu kum thum thlengin ‘Saula’ a la ni reng (Tirh 9:20-25; Gal 1:15-17)
ii) A pianthar hnu atanga kum 3 a vei hnu pawhin ‘Saula’ tho a la ni (Tirh 9:26-30)
iii) Tarsa khuaa an tirh hnu (Tirh 9:30) leh Barnaba’n a zawn hmuh leh (Tirh 11:25-26) inkar hi kum eng emaw zat (kum 6 - 8 ? vel, zirlai buah ka ziakin ka hria?) a ni a. Heng hun chhung pawh hian ‘Saula’ tho a la ni.
iv) Barnaba’n a zawn chhuah hnuin, Antiokei khuaah chuan kum khat zet kohhtante inkhawmnaah an tel ve thin a (Tirh 11:26). ‘Saula’ a la ni reng.
v) Tichuan kum khat hnuin, Barnaba nen 1st missionary journey an nei ta a. Selukai atangin Kupra thliarkar an pan a. Heng hun chhung zawng pawh hian “Saula’ tiin a hming hi record a la ni.
Tichuan, Paphos khua atangin “Paula’ tiin a hming hi record chauh a ni. Chuvang chuan “Saula’ aia “Paula’ hman a ni ta zawk hi;
- Jentail ho zinga rawngbawltu a nih vang te,
- Rom lal ram chhunga Rom mi nihna hmingpu chunga rawngbawlin (vah vel) remchanna a siam sak zawk dawn vangte niin a ang hle
Grik nun tawmpuitu Juda ho (hellenizer): Grik hoin nasa taka ram an zauh atangin hellenization a intan a. Ram an zauhna hmun apiangah an tawng, culture leh sakhua nasa takin an theh darh thin a, chu hellenization a ni. Juda-ho hi Judai ram chhung chauh ni lo; an chheh vel ram hrang hrangah an darh avangin, an pianpui tawng anga Grik tawng hmang leh Grik ho nun tawmpui an awm a, chung ho chu Greek nun tawmpuitu Juda ho (hellenizer) an tih chu an ni.
Paula Thiltihte (Acts of Paul): He lehkhabu hi nula tlangval inhmangaihna (romance) chanchin thui tak a ni. Isua zirtir (apostle) thenkhat chanchin hriat theihna a awm bakah, mi pakhat Thecla chanchin sei tak te, Paula chanchin leh Korinth kohhran nena lehkha an inthawn chungchang te, a hun tawp lama tuarna a chunga thleng leh a thih dante pawh tarlan a ni awm e. Vantlang hriata he lehkhabu tarlangtu chu Tertulian-a a ni.
Paula Thiltihte (Acts of Paul) an pawm loh chhan: Tertulian-a leh kohhran Pa (church father) thenkhatin Paula Thiltihte an pawm loh chhan chu; he lehkhabu ziaktu nia an ngaih hi Asia rama kohhran hotu pakhat, a thiltih sual vanga a hna atanga an chawlh tir a nih vang a ni. Tin, he lehkhabuah hian hmeichhia te thuhril tur leh mite baptist tura fuihna a awm vang a ni bawk (Paula thiltihte hi pawm lo an awm a. Chu chu zirlai bu ennawn leh a nihin paih a ni a. Hriatna belhchhahtu atan kan dah ve leh hrim hrium e).
Synagogue chu Juda ho biakin a ni a. Jerusalem pawn lam, a bikin Juda darh-ho ten tawngtai nan leh sakhaw thila pun khawm nana an hman a ni. Jerusalem temple tih lovah chuan Judate tan sakhaw thila hmun pawimawh ber pakhat a ni. Jerusalem temple tihchhiat hnuah phei chuan an hmun pawimawh ber a tih theih ang.
Hazan chu rimawi tum thiam (musician), Pathian biak inkhawma hla hruaitu a ni.
Juda/Hebrai mi: A sawifiahna hi ‘Israel mi’ tih nen hian sawi kawp law law i la. Israel mi chu Jacob-a, Israel-a lo ni ta thlahte, hnam 12-ho leh an thlahte sawina a ni a. Juda mi chu heng hnam 12 zinga hnam khat Juda leh a thlahte sawina a ni. Hebrai chu tawng (language) a ni a, chu mi tawng hmang Israel hnam sawina a ni. Hebrai tawng hmang nazawng hi Israel mi an ni vek lova; mahse, Israel mi zawng zawng hi Hebrai tawng hmang an nih chuan Hebrai mi an ni.
Keimah ang tak: 1Kor7:8-a ‘keimah ang tak’ tih tawngkam ‘nupui nei lo’ sawi nan Grik thumal kan hmuh chu agamos (a-ga-mos) a ni. Chu chu; ‘nupui pasal la nei ngai lo’ emaw ‘nupui pasal neia then tawh’ sawina a ni a. Chuvang chuan “Paula hian ‘nupui a la nei ngai lo’ emaw ‘nupui a nei tawh ngei a, eng thil emaw vangin nupui nei lovin a awm’ tih a chiang lo”, ti pawl erawh an awm ve tho a ni.
